Task 4 Theory and Methods
Sampling refers to the process of selecting units such as organizations and people from a population of focus or interest. When studying the sample, the objective is to fairly generalize results back to the population from which the individuals were chosen (Hammarberg et al., 2016). Probability sampling refers to a technique of sampling in which the researcher chooses a sample from a larger population using a probability-based theory (Snyder, 2019). On the other hand, non-probability sampling refers to a sampling technique where the odds of any selected member cannot be calculated. Accordingly, various factors should be considered when determining the sample size. These factors include the estimated population parameters, sampling cost, population spread, practicality, and final estimates.
The arguments for using quantitative research are varied. First, quantitative research is used when seeking to quantify behaviors, attitudes, opinions, and other variables, while making generalizations from a bigger population (Vasileiou et al., 2018). The researcher is preferable when seeking to quantify data before articulating facts and revealing research patterns. On the other hand, quantitative research approaches are preferable when seeking to find out aspects that involve words as opposed to quantitative research that focuses on data.
Research with exploratory methods requires the use of a qualitative approach when trying to unearth opinions, and the respondents’ feelings and thoughts. The research is significant when seeking to determine new theories, concepts, and products (Hammarberg et al., 2016). It also allows the study and understanding of complex phenomena, and when applied approximately, it becomes a valuable approach in the development of evaluation of programs, theory, and formulate interventions.
References
Hammarberg, K., Kirkman, M., & De, L. S. (2016). Qualitative research methods: When to use them and how to judge them. Human Reproduction (Oxford, England), 31(3), 498-501. https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/31/3/498/2384737
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333-339. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0148296319304564
Vasileiou, K., Barnett, J., Thorpe, S., & Young, T. (2018). Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency in interview-based studies: Systematic analysis of qualitative health research over a 15-year period. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 18(1). https://bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7
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